Lub zog siv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm nyob ntawm qhov kev pab cuam endowment ntawm txhua cheeb tsam.Ntawm lawv, thee thiab hydropower suav txog 85% ntawm lub zog siv.Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm, lub electrolytic txhuas nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv Asia, Oceania thiab Africa tsuas yog cia siab rau thermal zog tiam, thiab cov electrolytic txhuas nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab South America tsuas yog nyob rau hauv hydropower.Lwm thaj chaw nyob ntawm lawv cov peev txheej, thiab lub zog siv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag electrolytic aluminium kuj txawv.Piv txwv li, Iceland siv geothermal zog, Fabkis siv nuclear fais fab, thiab Middle East siv cov nkev ntuj tsim hluav taws xob.
Raws li tus kws sau ntawv nkag siab, hauv 2019, lub ntiaj teb kev tsim hluav taws xob electrolytic txhuas yog 64.33 lab tons, thiab cov pa roj carbon emission yog 1.052 billion tons.Los ntawm 2005 mus rau 2019, tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no carbon emissions ntawm electrolytic txhuas tau nce los ntawm 555 lab tons rau 1.052 billion tons, nce ntawm 89.55%, thiab ib tug compound kev loj hlob ntawm 4.36%.
1. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm "ob chav carbon" rau kev lag luam txhuas
Raws li kev kwv yees, txij xyoo 2019 txog 2020, kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev ntawm electrolytic aluminium yuav suav txog ntau dua 6% ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob hauv teb chaws.Raws li Baichuan Cov Ntaub Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv, xyoo 2019, 86% ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev siv hluav taws xob thermal xws liextruded aluminium, Kev tsim kho extrusion aluminium profilethiab lwm yam.Raws li Antaike cov ntaub ntawv, xyoo 2019, tag nrho cov pa roj carbon dioxide emission ntawm electrolytic aluminium kev lag luam yog kwv yees li 412 lab tons, suav txog li 4% ntawm lub teb chaws net carbon dioxide emission ntawm 10 billion tons hauv xyoo ntawd.Qhov emission ntawm electrolytic aluminium yog qhov siab dua li ntawm lwm cov hlau thiab cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thermal muab nws tus kheej yog qhov tseem ceeb ua rau cov pa roj carbon ntau ntawm electrolytic aluminium.Lub zog txuas ntawm electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm yog muab faib ua thermal zog ntau lawm thiab hydropower ntau lawm.Siv lub zog hluav taws xob los tsim 1 tuj ntawm electrolytic aluminium yuav tso tawm txog 11.2 tons ntawm carbon dioxide, thiab siv hydropower los tsim 1 tuj ntawm electrolytic txhuas yuav tawm yuav luag xoom carbon dioxide.
Kev siv hluav taws xob hom ntawm electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog muab faib ua hluav taws xob rau tus kheej thiab daim phiaj hluav taws xob.Thaum kawg ntawm 2019, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm tus kheej muab hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv domestic electrolytic aluminium nroj tsuag yog hais txog 65%, tag nrho cov uas yog thermal zog tsim;Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob yog kwv yees li 35%, ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thermal suav txog li 21% thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob huv tau suav txog li 14%.
Raws li Antaike cov kev suav, nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan" lub zog txuag thiab emission txo, lub zog qauv ntawm kev lag luam muaj peev xwm ntawm electrolytic aluminium kev lag luam yuav tau txais qee yam kev hloov kho yav tom ntej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab kev npaj electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm. Lub peev xwm nyob rau hauv Yunnan Xeev tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm lub zog huv siv yuav nce ntxiv, los ntawm 14% hauv 2019 txog 24%.Nrog rau kev txhim kho tag nrho ntawm cov qauv hluav taws xob hauv tsev, lub zog qauv ntawm electrolytic aluminium kev lag luam yuav ua kom zoo dua ntxiv.
2. Thermal fais fab aluminium yuav maj mam tsis muaj zog
Raws li kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev cog lus rau carbon neutrality, thermal zog "tsis muaj zog" yuav dhau los ua ib qho kev sib txawv.Tom qab kev siv cov nqi ntawm cov pa roj carbon emissions thiab kev tswj nruj, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv fais fab ntawm tus kheej yuav tsis muaj zog.
Txhawm rau kom zoo dua piv cov nqi sib txawv los ntawm cov pa roj carbon emissions, nws xav tias tus nqi ntawm lwm cov khoom xyaw xws li pre-ci anodes thiab txhuas fluoride yog tib yam, thiab cov pa roj carbon emissions trading nqi yog 50 yuan / ton.Thermal zog thiab hydropower yog siv los tsim 1 tuj ntawm electrolytic txhuas.Cov pa roj carbon emission sib txawv ntawm qhov txuas yog 11.2 tons, thiab cov pa roj carbon emission nqi sib txawv ntawm ob yog 560 yuan / ton.
Tsis ntev los no, nrog kev nce ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv tsev, tus nqi hluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tus kheej yog 0.305 yuan / kWh, thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob nruab nrab hauv tsev tsuas yog 0.29 yuan / kWh.Tag nrho cov nqi ntawm txhuas ib tuj ntawm nws tus kheej-muab fais fab nroj tsuag yog 763 yuan siab dua li ntawm hydropower.Raws li tus nqi siab, feem ntau ntawm kuv lub teb chaws tshiab electrolytic aluminium tej yaam num nyob rau hauv lub hydropower-nplua nuj cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub southwest cheeb tsam, thiab thermal zog aluminium yuav maj mam paub kev lag luam hloov mus rau yav tom ntej.
3. Qhov zoo ntawm hydropower aluminium yog pom tseeb dua
Hydropower yog tus nqi qis tshaj plaws uas tsis yog fossil zog hauv kuv lub tebchaws, tab sis nws txoj kev loj hlob muaj peev xwm txwv.Xyoo 2020, kuv lub teb chaws lub zog siv hluav taws xob tsim muaj peev xwm yuav ncav cuag 370 lab kilowatts, suav txog 16.8% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, thiab nws yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws kev siv hluav taws xob tom qab thee.Txawm li cas los xij, muaj "qab nthab" hauv kev tsim cov dej hauv dej.Raws li kev txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob hauv teb chaws, kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev tsim hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tsawg dua 700 lab kilowatts, thiab qhov chaw tsim kho yav tom ntej yog txwv.Txawm hais tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hydropower tuaj yeem nce qhov feem ntawm lub zog tsis yog fossil rau qee qhov, kev loj hlob ntawm hydropower yog txwv los ntawm cov peev txheej nyiaj txiag.
Tam sim no, tam sim no cov xwm txheej ntawm hydropower hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog qhov kev tsim hluav taws xob me me raug kaw, thiab cov phiaj xwm loj hauv dej yog qhov nyuaj ntxiv.Lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm ntawm electrolytic aluminium yuav dhau los ua tus nqi zoo dua.Hauv Sichuan Xeev ib leeg, muaj 968 qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob me me yuav tsum tau thim thiab kaw, 4,705 lub chaw siv dej me me yuav tsum tau kho thiab tshem tawm, 41 lub chaw nres tsheb me me tau raug kaw hauv Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, thiab 19 lub chaw nres tsheb me me tau raug kaw. hauv Fangxian County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province.Hydropower chaw nres tsheb thiab Xi'an, Shaanxi kaw 36 lub chaw nres tsheb me me, thiab lwm yam. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas tsis tiav, ntau tshaj 7,000 lub chaw nres tsheb me me yuav raug kaw thaum kawg ntawm 2022. Kev tsim kho ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb loj hauv dej yuav tsum tau hloov chaw, kev tsim kho. lub sij hawm yog feem ntau ntev, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm.
4. Recycled aluminium yuav dhau los ua kev txhim kho yav tom ntej
Electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm suav nrog 5 theem: bauxite mining, alumina ntau lawm, anode npaj, electrolytic aluminium ntau lawm thiab txhuas ingot casting.Kev siv zog ntawm txhua theem yog: 1%, 21%, 2%, 74%.thiab 2%.Kev tsim cov aluminium theem nrab suav nrog 3 theem: pretreatment, smelting thiab thauj.Lub zog noj ntawm txhua theem yog 56%, 24% thiab 20%.
Raws li kev kwv yees, kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev tsim 1 tuj ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tsuas yog 3% mus rau 5% ntawm lub zog noj ntawm electrolytic aluminium.Nws tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov kev kho cov khoom pov tseg, cov kua khib nyiab thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg, thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo qis emission.Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj zog corrosion kuj ntawm txhuas, tshwj tsis yog rau qee lub ntim tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv ua los ntawm txhuas, txhuas tsis tshua muaj corroded thaum siv, nrog tsawg heev poob, thiab tuaj yeem siv tau ntau zaus.Yog li ntawd, txhuas yog cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, thiab kev siv cov khoom seem txhuas los tsim cov txhuas alloys muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev lag luam ntawm electrolytic aluminium.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv purity thiab mechanical zog ntawm recycled aluminium alloy ingots thiab kev loj hlob ntawm casting technology, daim ntawv thov ntawm recycled txhuas yuav maj mam nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim kho, kev sib txuas lus, electronics thiab ntim industries, thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm recycled txhuas nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tsheb kuj tseem yuav nthuav dav ntxiv..
Kev lag luam aluminium theem nrab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txuag cov peev txheej, txo cov kev cia siab sab nraud ntawm cov khoom siv txhuas, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam zoo.Kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev lag luam aluminium theem nrab, nrog kev lag luam zoo, kev sib raug zoo thiab ib puag ncig tus nqi, tau txhawb nqa thiab txhawb nqa los ntawm lub teb chaws txoj cai, thiab yuav dhau los ua tus yeej loj tshaj plaws hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm carbon neutrality.
Piv nrog rau electrolytic aluminium, cov khoom siv aluminium thib ob zoo heev txuag av, cov peev txheej hydropower, yog txhawb los ntawm lub teb chaws txoj cai, thiab tseem muab txoj hauv kev txhim kho.Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm electrolytic aluminium muaj zog noj.Piv nrog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam, kev tsim khoom ntawm 1 tuj ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yog sib npaug kom txuag tau 3.4 tons ntawm cov qauv thee, 14 cubic meters dej, thiab 20 tons ntawm cov khoom pov tseg emissions.
Kev lag luam aluminium theem nrab yog nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv dua tshiab thiab kev lag luam ncig, thiab tau teev npe raws li kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam, uas yog pab rau kev lag luam tsim cov phiaj xwm kom tau txais kev txhawb nqa hauv teb chaws raws li kev pom zoo, nyiaj txiag thiab kev siv av.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub xeev tau tshaj tawm cov cai tswjfwm txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam ib puag ncig, ntxuav cov lag luam tsis tsim nyog hauv kev lag luam aluminium theem nrab, thiab tshem tawm cov peev txheej rov qab hauv kev lag luam, tshem tawm txoj hauv kev rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev lag luam aluminium theem nrab.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-21-2022